Increasing air pollution can be fatal for asthma and COPD patients, adopt these precautions for protection

COPD : Asthma and COPD patients should take special care during Diwali and winter because the risk of air pollution, respiratory infections and cold increases during this time.

Some important precautions and suggestions:-

1. Avoid firecrackers (especially for Diwali)

Pollution from firecrackers – Harmful particles (PM2.5), chemicals and gases emitted from firecrackers can aggravate the symptoms of asthma and COPD.

Precautions –

• Stay indoors during the time of bursting crackers (usually in the evening).
• Use air purifiers and keep windows closed.
• If you have to go out, use an N95 mask.

2. Managing cold weather (especially winter)

Cold air can constrict the breathing tubes, exacerbating asthma and COPD symptoms.

Precautions –

• Wear warm clothes, especially cover the nose and mouth with a scarf so that the air you breathe is warm.
• Use a humidifier indoors so that the air does not become dry.
• Avoid going outside early in the morning and late at night when temperatures drop the most.

3. Protection from infection

Winter increases the risk of flu and other respiratory infections, which can worsen asthma and COPD.

Precautions –

• Get an annual flu vaccine and get the pneumococcal vaccine when needed.
• Take care of hand hygiene and stay away from crowded places.
• If infection occurs, consult a doctor immediately.

4. Regular use of medicines and inhalers

Asthma and COPD patients should use the medicines regularly during Diwali and winter to keep the symptoms under control.

Precautions-

• Make sure to use the control inhaler regularly as recommended by Dr.
• Always keep a rescue inhaler (such as salbutamol) close by.
• Consider increasing the dose of the inhaler during this time by consulting your doctor.

5. Monitor air quality-

Air pollution levels often increase during Diwali and winter due to PM2.5.

Precautions-

• Monitor AQI (Air Quality Index) with apps or online tools.
• Avoid outdoor activities if AQI is in poor to severe levels.
• Use air purifiers indoors, especially in bedrooms.

6. Stay hydrated and eat a healthy diet-

Hydration helps keep mucus in the body thin, making it easier to expel.

Precautions-

• Drink plenty of water.
• To increase immunity, eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.

7. Consult a doctor-

Patients should have an individual action plan for managing their condition.

Precautions –

• Consult your doctor before Diwali and winter to see if a change in medications is needed.
• Have a clear plan for what to do if symptoms worsen and when to seek medical help in an emergency.
• By following these precautions, asthma and COPD patients can maintain better lung health during Diwali and winter.

Dr Vikas K. Mishra
Associate Professor
Dept of Respiratory Medicine
GMC BHOPAL