Explained: Why Scoliosis in children is a growing concern, check symptoms

New Delhi: Scoliosis, a sideways curvature of the spine, is increasingly becoming a health concern in children. In India, the rate of Scoliosis is 2 to 3 per cent and it is often diagnosed in adolescents. The main cause is yet to be discovered in 80 per cent of the cases. Typically detected during growth spurts in adolescence, scoliosis can lead to significant physical discomfort and complications if left untreated.

Dr Naveen S Tahasildar, Consultant Spine Surgeon, SPARSH Hospital, Infantry Road told News9“Scoliosis can be either structural, where the spine’s curve is rigid and fixed, or non-structural/compensatory caused by muscle imbalances or limb length differences. The most common form, idiopathic scoliosis, has no clear cause but often develops between the ages of 10 and 18. While boys and girls are equally affected, girls are more likely to develop severe curvature that requires medical intervention.”

“The condition can also be associated with congenital defects, neuromuscular disorders such as cerebral palsy, or spinal injuries. Children with these conditions are more vulnerable to complications, making early detection crucial. Other risk factors include family history, cardiac surgery requiring opening of the chest on one side and injuries/burns over the chest causing extensive scarring etc,” added Dr Tahasildar.

Importance of regular health check-ups in kids

Regular health check-ups during childhood, particularly around puberty, are critical in identifying scoliosis early. A simple physical exam, which involves observing the spine while the child bends forward, can reveal any abnormal curvature. If scoliosis is detected, X-rays are typically used to confirm the diagnosis and determine the degree of curvature.

According to Dr Tahasildar, “Treatment varies depending on the severity of the curve. Mild cases may only require regular monitoring, while more pronounced curves may need bracing or, in extreme cases, surgery. Physiotherapy and posture correction can also play a supportive role.”

“Parents and schools must remain vigilant in spotting the early signs of scoliosis, such as uneven shoulders, hips, or ribs, to ensure timely intervention. Early treatment is crucial in preventing long-term complications and ensuring children grow up healthy and active.”