New Delhi: Over a double of Prostate cancer cases have been reported between 2020 and 2040 across the world. The death cases have increased by 85 per cent, in low and middle-income countries. According to a Lancet report, the cases are surging inevitably. Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer affecting men worldwide, with a significant number of cases being diagnosed every year. Dr Vishal, Consultant-Urology, Fortis Hospital, Rajaji Nagars shared with News9“Early detection is crucial in treating and managing prostate cancer effectively. Screening for prostate cancer involves various methods to identify individuals with potential prostate issues, enabling timely medical intervention.”
Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer
Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing prostate cancer. These include age (risk increases after 50), family history (especially first-degree relatives), ethnicity (higher incidence among African Americans), and genetic predisposition. Men with these risk factors should consider regular screening to detect potential issues early.
Screening Methods for Prostate Cancer
There are two primary screening methods for prostate cancer:
Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
During a DRE, a healthcare professional checks the prostate for abnormalities by inserting a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum. This examination helps identify any irregularities in prostate shape or size.
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test
The PSA test measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. Elevated PSA levels may indicate prostate cancer or other prostate issues. However, non-cancerous conditions can also increase PSA levels.
Additional Diagnostic Tools
If initial screening results indicate potential issues, additional tests may be conducted:
Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)This imaging test uses sound waves to create detailed images of the prostate.
Prostate Biopsy
A biopsy involves removing tissue samples from the prostate for examination.
Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI). This advanced imaging technique provides detailed images of the prostate and surrounding tissues.
Benefits and Limitations of Screening
Screening for prostate cancer offers several benefits, including:
• Early detection and treatment
• Improved survival rates
• Reduced risk of complications
However, screening also has limitations and potential drawbacks:
• False positives and unnecessary biopsies
• Overdiagnosis and overtreatment
• Anxiety and stress associated with testing
Screening for prostate cancer is essential for early detection and effective management. Understanding risk factors, screening methods, and additional diagnostic tools empower men to make informed decisions about their health. Consulting with a healthcare provider helps determine the best approach for individual circumstances.
By prioritising prostate health and staying informed, men can take proactive steps toward reducing their risk and improving outcomes. Regular screening, combined with a healthy lifestyle and awareness, is key to combating prostate cancer effectively.
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