New Delhi: Chronic sinusitis, when sinuses are inflamed for a long time, can result in long-term discomfort. It impacts millions of people globally, triggering numerous symptoms that disrupt everyday life. Knowing the causes and symptoms of and treatment for toenail fungus is important for effective management of this condition. Dr. VVK Sandeep, Consultation ENT, and Cochlear Implant Surgeon, Manipal Hospital, Vijayawada, spoke about the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for chronic sinusitis.
Causes of chronic sinusitis
Chronic sinusitis can develop due to several factors, including infections, allergies, and underlying health issues. Common triggers are viral or fungal infections that keep triggering long-standing inflammation in the sinuses. Sinus irritation can also be caused by allergies like pollen or dust mites, and cystic fibrosis and immune system disorders can complicate things. Sinus inflammation is worsened by smoking, which increases the risk of chronic sinusitis. Anatomical defects in the nose or paranasal sinuses, including a deviated septum, can block drainage of the sinuses and lead to the condition.
Symptoms of chronic sinusitis
Symptoms of chronic sinusitis can differ but usually involve facial pain and swelling, especially around the nose and eyes. Accompanying symptoms include nasal discharge, a headache that refuses to go away, and a stuffy nose. Others lose the ability to smell, making everyday life more difficult.
Innovative treatment options
Chronic sinusitis Treatment focuses on decreasing inflammation, resolving infections, and increasing sinus drainage. Allergy shots (immunotherapy) and avoiding allergens can help manage allergic reactions. Over-the-counter allergy treatments like antihistamines, nasal steroids, decongestants, and immunomodulators are commonly used to relieve symptoms. Biologics, a newer treatment type, are increasingly popular because they can target the immune system response directly. When infections are involved, commonly prescribed antibiotics include clarithromycin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and fluoroquinolones.
Patients with structural issues or chronic sinus disease may require surgical treatment. Destructive surgical procedures such as functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), septoplasty, and rhinoplasty have the potential to yield superior results. Recent developments in navigation-assisted FESS and balloon sinuplasty represent less invasive, effective alternatives for patients who need surgical therapy. Given proper care, chronic sinusitis can be successfully treated and patients can reclaim their quality of life.
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