Obnews Tech Desk: There are more than 100 small and big deserts around the world, out of which 14 big deserts are present in India. Scientists are worried that if the expansion of these deserts is not stopped, they may gradually reach cities like Delhi. However, science has found a solution to this challenge. Now scientists are trying to turn the desert into a lush green Greenland.
How are deserts formed?
According to Lynn Fenstermaker, an ecologist at the Desert Research Institute of Nevada, areas that receive less than 10 inches of rainfall annually are considered desert. Deserts are formed due to disturbances in global air circulation patterns and global warming. Due to the effect of solar energy on the equator, the air gets heated, due to which moisture is lost and desert areas are formed.
The science of turning desert into Greenland
Scientists believe that deserts can be made green through irrigation and water management. For this, techniques of tree plantation and artificial rain are being used. A successful example of this technology was seen in the Al-Bayda project in Mecca, where dry land was made fertile through heavy rains.
Saudi Arabia's success: farming in the desert
Saudi Arabia made farming possible in desert areas by harvesting rainwater. Rain water was collected by building dams, drains and terraces and used in the fields. The result was that trees and crops started growing on dry land.
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Norway's technology: fertile land in just 7 hours
Norwegian startup company 'Desert Control' developed a technology called 'Liquid Nanoclay', which can make desert land fertile in just 7 hours. This technique retains moisture and nutrients in sandy soil. This technology was successfully tested in UAE, making the dream of farming in desert areas come true.
Example in India: Mango cultivation in Thar
A farmer named Rameshwar Soni successfully cultivated mangoes in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan using organic fertilizers and special techniques. It showed that farming in desert areas was possible with scientific efforts and determination.
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