New Delhi: As winter sets in, many people notice their eyes feeling dry, itchy, or irritated. This is a common problem, and understanding why it happens can help in managing it effectively. Dry eyes occur when your eyes do not produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly. During winter, several environmental and lifestyle factors can make this condition worse.
In an interaction with News9Live, Dr Geetha S, Consultant Ophthalmologist, Manipal Hospital, Old Airport Road, Bengaluru, explained how dry eyes can worsen during winter and how they can be managed.
Why Dry Eyes Are More Common in Winter
One of the main reasons dry eyes increase in winter is low humidity. Cold winter air holds less moisture than warm air, which causes tears on the surface of the eyes to evaporate faster. Indoor heating systems, which are often used in winter, further reduce humidity levels, making the eyes even drier.
Another factor is wind. Cold winter winds can strip away the thin tear film that protects the surface of your eyes. People who spend a lot of time outdoors may feel more discomfort during windy or chilly conditions.
Winter also affects blinking. During cold weather, people tend to blink less frequently, especially when staring at screens. Less blinking reduces the natural spread of tears across the eyes, contributing to dryness and irritation.
Certain habits during winter can worsen dry eyes. For example, prolonged use of digital devices or reading in poorly lit rooms can strain the eyes. Additionally, some medications, such as antihistamines or decongestants, commonly used for winter colds and allergies, can reduce tear production.
Symptoms of Dry Eyes
Dry eyes can cause a range of uncomfortable symptoms. Common signs include:
- A stinging, burning, or scratchy sensation in the eyes
- Redness or irritation
- Blurred vision or difficulty focusing
- Sensitivity to light
- A feeling of grittiness, as if something is in the eye
- Excessive watering, which is the eye’s response to dryness
If you experience these symptoms frequently, it is important to take preventive measures and consult an eye care professional if needed.
How to Manage Dry Eyes in Winter
- Use Artificial Tears: Over-the-counter artificial tears or lubricating eye drops can help keep your eyes moist. Choose preservative-free options if you need to use them frequently.
- Humidify Indoor Spaces: Using a humidifier at home or in the office can add moisture to dry indoor air, reducing tear evaporation and keeping your eyes comfortable.
- Wear Protective Eyewear: Sunglasses or wraparound glasses can protect your eyes from cold wind and reduce moisture loss.
- Follow the 20-20-20 Rule: When using screens, every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. This helps reduce eye strain and encourages blinking.
- Stay Hydrated: Drinking enough water supports overall eye health. Dehydration can make dry eye symptoms worse, especially in winter.
- Adjust Room Temperature: Avoid sitting directly in front of heaters or air vents, as hot, dry air can increase tear evaporation.
- Consult an Eye Specialist: If dryness persists, worsens, or affects your vision, seek professional advice. Your eye doctor can recommend treatments such as prescription eye drops, warm compresses, or procedures that help improve tear production.
- Avoid rubbing eyes: Frequent eye rubbing can worsen irritation, damage the cornea, and increase the risk of infections. Doctors recommend using lubricating eye drops or cold compresses instead to soothe discomfort safely.
Dry eyes are common in winter, but simple steps can help manage and prevent discomfort. Maintaining eye moisture, protecting your eyes from harsh weather, and adopting healthy habits can keep your eyes comfortable throughout the season. Paying attention to your eye health today can prevent irritation and ensure clear, healthy vision all year round.
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