New Delhi: Bladder cancer is the most common type of cancer, with 9 out of 10 people being diagnosed with it who are over the age of 55. It is the 10th most reported cancer case across the globe and contributes to about 3.4 per cent of the total cancer burden worldwide. Cancer can affect any organ, and it can affect the urinary bladder as well. It is one of the most prevalent types of cancer, especially in elderly people. Understanding its causes and prevention strategies is crucial for early detection and reducing the risk of developing the disease.
Causes of Bladder Cancer
Dr Amit Saple, Consultant Urologist, Asian Institute of Nephrology and Urology, Vizag shared with News9“The exact cause of bladder cancer is not always clear, but several risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing the disease:
1. Smoking: It is the leading cause of bladder cancer. The chemicals in tobacco can damage the bladder lining over time.
2. Chemical Exposure: Prolonged exposure to certain industrial chemicals, such as those used in the manufacturing of dyes, rubber, leather, and paints, can increase the risk of bladder cancer. Workers in industries that handle these chemicals are more prone to bladder cancer.
3. Chronic Infections and Irritation: Recurrent urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and long-term use of catheters can irritate the bladder, potentially increasing the risk of cancer.
4. Age and Gender: Bladder cancer is more common in older adults, especially those over 55. Males are more vulnerable than females in this regard.
5. Family History: A family history of bladder cancer can increase the likelihood of developing the disease, suggesting a potential genetic link.
Tips for Prevention of Bladder Cancer
While not all cases of bladder cancer are preventable, certain lifestyle changes and precautions can significantly reduce the risk:
1. Quit Smoking: As smoking is the leading cause, quitting tobacco use is the most effective prevention strategy. Reducing secondhand smoke exposure also helps.
2. Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water helps flush harmful chemicals out of the bladder, potentially lowering the risk of cancer-causing agents accumulating in the bladder.
3. Limit Chemical Exposure: For workers in industries that use hazardous chemicals, follow safety guidelines, such as wearing protective gear and limiting direct exposure to dangerous substances.
4. Maintain a Healthy Diet: A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and antioxidants can support the body’s immune system, potentially lowering cancer risks.
5. Regular Screenings: For those at high risk, regular medical checkups, including urine tests and bladder exams, can help in early detection and treatment.
Symptoms to be aware of:
• Blood in the urine (hematuria), which may cause urine to appear bright red or cola coloured, though sometimes the urine appears normal and blood is detected on a lab test
• Frequent urination
• Painful urination
• Back pain
By adopting healthier habits and being vigilant about exposure to risk factors, individuals can lower their chances of developing bladder cancer. Early detection remains key to better outcomes, making regular screenings essential for those at risk.
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