The first week of COP29 remained inconclusive, due to these reasons the progress of climate action was disrupted.

Azerbaijan: The first week of the COP29 summit in Baku ended without any significant breakthrough. Because deep differences between developed and developing countries have hindered progress on key issues such as climate finance, trade measures, and equitable responsibility for climate action. Representing the G-77/China and other regions, India sought accountability from developed countries on unfulfilled financial commitments.

The G-77/China bloc reiterated its call for US$1.3 trillion per year for climate finance, with an emphasis on grants and concessional financing. So that the weak economies already struggling with the effects of climate change are not burdened.

Urging developed countries to avoid debt-driven mechanisms, an Indian negotiator said about 70 percent of climate finance provided so far is in the form of loans. This is unacceptable and puts undue pressure on developing economies.

UN climate chief Simon Steel urged G-20 countries to take bold action and warned that without it, no economy in the group will be able to avoid climate-driven economic damage.

However, his call for unity could not break the deadlock. Cosima Cassel of E3G's climate diplomacy team acknowledged the challenges posed by geopolitical tensions, but highlighted the possibilities of the upcoming G20 leaders' summit in Rio de Janeiro. 'E3G' is an engineering and environmental consulting firm.

Castle said the G-20 countries, which are responsible for 80 percent of global emissions and account for 85 percent of the world economy, hold the key to delivering ambitious climate agreements. The contentious issue of the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) also sparked heated debate.

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India and other developing countries criticized the move, saying it unfairly penalized their economies. It also termed it a violation of the principles of equity and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

A Bolivian negotiator echoed India's concerns and issued a warning. Bolivia said the CBAM places the responsibility for climate action on countries with the lowest historical emissions, thereby hampering industrial growth in developing countries.

Technology transfer emerged as another unresolved issue during the first week of the United Nations Climate Conference (COP). Developing countries have called for a strong technology implementation program supported by financial assistance. (agency)