Elon Musk surprised at the decreasing fertility rate in India, the level reached below the replacement level, expressed concern by posting

Elon Musk Tweet on India’s Birth Rate: Elon Musk, one of the richest people in the world, has expressed concern about the continuously decreasing fertility rate in India. While sharing a report on social media platform He wrote, ‘India’s birth rate has fallen below the replacement level. Among the most educated, India’s birth rate fell below replacement level several years ago.’

What is the whole matter?

According to the recently released Sample Registration System (SRS) report of 2024, India’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has decreased to 1.9. This means that on an average a woman in India is giving birth to 1.9 children. According to experts, to keep the population of a country stable, the fertility rate should be 2.1. This is called “replacement level”.

India’s birth rate has fallen below replacement.

Among those most educated, India’s birth rate fell below replacement many years ago.

— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) June 6, 2026

What is replacement level?

In simple words, replacement level means that the same number of people should be born in the next generation in place of people in one generation, so that the population neither increases nor decreases. If this rate goes below 2.1, then population growth may slow down over time and later the population may also start declining.

Fertility rate is still high in these states

According to the report, the fertility rate is still above 2.1 in only 6 states of India. These states are Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand. The lowest fertility rate has been recorded in Delhi, where an average of 1.2 children are being born per woman.

Why is it a matter of concern?

Experts say that if the birth rate remains low for a long time, then many challenges may arise in the future.

• Increase in the number of elderly population,
• decrease in number of working people
• Increasing pressure on pension and social welfare schemes
• Affecting the pace of economic development
• Same thing came out in UNFPA report also

India’s fertility rate in UNFPA

In the 2025 report of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), India’s fertility rate has also been stated to be 1.9. Although India is still the world’s most populous country with a population of over 1.46 billion, the country is now entering an era of smaller families and slower population growth.

What is the difference between birth rate and fertility rate?

Birth rate tells how many children are born per 1,000 people in a year. Fertility rate (TFR) tells how many children a woman gives birth to on average in her lifetime. Both the figures are related to each other. However, when the fertility rate is low, after some time the birth rate also starts decreasing.

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