New Delhi: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, leading to irritation and discomfort. Dr Akshay Masur, Specialist in Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Vasavi Hospitals said GERD is a chronic condition that requires proper attention and treatment. Many myths surround GERD, leading to mismanagement of the disease. To effectively manage and prevent GERD, it is crucial to separate fact from fiction.
What causes GERD?
GERD occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which functions as a valve between the esophagus and the stomach, weakens or relaxes excessively. This malfunction allows stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation. Common factors that contribute to GERD include poor diet, overeating, smoking, and obesity. “Understanding the root causes of GERD is essential for effective prevention,” explains Dr Akshay Masur, emphasizing the importance of managing these risk factors.
Debunking common myths about GERD
There are several misconceptions about GERD that can lead to its mismanagement. One common myth is that heartburn and GERD are the same thing. While heartburn is a symptom of GERD, it is not the only one. “GERD involves frequent acid reflux that can cause more serious complications if left untreated,” says Dr Masur. Another myth is that only adults suffer from GERD, but this is not true. “GERD can affect people of all ages, including children and infants, though it is more common in adults,” he adds.
Many people also believe that spicy foods are the primary cause of GERD, but this is only partially true. “Spicy foods can trigger GERD symptoms, but other factors such as smoking, obesity, and genetics play a much bigger role,” explains Dr Masur. Additionally, while medications are a common treatment for GERD, they are not the only solution. “Lifestyle changes like maintaining a healthy diet, controlling weight, and avoiding trigger foods are critical in managing GERD,” he stresses.
Importance of managing GERD
If left untreated, GERD can lead to serious complications, including esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, and even esophageal cancer. With the rise of unhealthy dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles, the number of GERD cases is increasing, especially among young adults. Early detection and proper management are vital to avoiding long-term health issues. “Don’t ignore persistent acid reflux. Early intervention and lifestyle changes can prevent severe complications and protect your overall health,” advises Dr Masur.
Preventing GERD: Practical tips
Preventing GERD requires adopting healthy lifestyle habits. Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial, as excess weight puts pressure on the abdomen, which can lead to acid reflux. Eating smaller meals can also reduce the risk of GERD by preventing the stomach from stretching excessively. “Avoiding trigger foods such as spicy, fatty, and acidic foods, as well as alcohol and caffeine, can help control symptoms,” recommends Dr Masur.
Quitting smoking is another essential step, as smoking weakens the muscles of the esophagus, making acid reflux more likely. Dr Masur also advises elevating the head during sleep to reduce nighttime reflux. “Simple lifestyle adjustments can go a long way in preventing and managing GERD,” he concludes.
Understanding GERD and distinguishing myths from facts are essential for managing the condition effectively and preventing long-term health complications.
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