New Delhi: Air pollution has emerged as a major worldwide health concern, with long-term exposure connected to serious health problems such as decreased lung function and even cancer. Long-term exposure to certain pollutants, such as PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and VOCs, has been proven in studies to raise the chance of getting lung cancer. This association is especially troubling given that air quality continues to deteriorate in many regions of the world as a result of increased urbanization, industrialization, and an increasing number of cars.
In an interaction with News9Live, Dr. Parveen Jain, Senior Consultant & HOD- Oncology, Aakash Healthcare, New Delhi, explained how pollution affects cancer risk.
The dangers of air pollution
Air pollution has a devastating impact on human health. Smaller particles, having a diameter of 2.5 microns or less, can enter and lodge deep inside the lungs, causing irritation and inflammation. These contaminants can also enter the bloodstream, increasing the risk of heart and respiratory disorders, lung cancer, and strokes. Lung cancer accounts for around 6% of fatalities caused by outdoor air pollution across the world. Increasing data suggests that air pollution is one of the key causes of lung cancer, and the number of estimated attributable lung cancer deaths has grown by roughly 30% since 2007, as smoking has dropped and air pollution has climbed.
Long-term exposure to fine particle air pollution can cause genotoxicity and mutagenesis. It may raise the risk of lung cancer by causing inflammation, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative DNA damage. As a result, chronic air pollution, particularly in persons with a high hereditary risk, may increase the incidence of lung cancer.
How to Protect Yourself from Air Pollution?
While it may not be possible to completely eliminate air pollution, we can protect ourselves from the negative effects by controlling our exposure to polluted air.
- Reduce outdoor exposure when pollution levels are high, particularly during peak traffic hours or in industrial regions. Opt for indoor activities or exercise in well-ventilated areas, such as gyms.
- Use air purifiers to create a safe and clean indoor environment. Keep your living rooms well-ventilated, and think about utilizing plants that naturally filter the air, such as peace lilies or spider plants.
- Stay informed on air quality in your neighborhood. Check local air quality indices or utilize reputable smartphone applications for real-time information. This will help you stay updated on outdoor air quality thereby assisting you to plan outdoor activities on days when pollution levels are lower.
- When outdoor pollution is strong, use masks intended to filter out fine particles and contaminants. N95 masks or masks with HEPA filters may provide some protection against dangerous air contaminants.
- Minimize Household contaminants: Consider interior contaminants as well. Avoid smoking inside, use natural cleaning agents, and provide adequate ventilation while cooking or using fume-emitting equipment.
- Plant trees and promote green spaces to enhance air quality. Encourage tree planting programs and the development of green areas in your town.
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