Hollywood singer and actress Selena Gomez had revealed some time ago that she is suffering from a disease called Bipolar Disorder. After this this disease again came into discussion. Many people want to know what bipolar disorder is, what problems a person has to face and how it is treated.
Actually, bipolar disorder is a mental health problem, in which there are sudden and rapid changes in a person’s mood, energy and behavior. Sometimes a person feels very happy, excited and active, and sometimes he suddenly goes into deep sadness, fatigue and despair. Let us know about this disease from symptoms to treatment.
What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder was earlier also called ‘manic depression’. This is a mental condition in which a person goes through two types of mood phases. First, mania (extreme excitement) and depression (deep sadness). During mania, a person feels very full of energy, remains active even with less sleep and sometimes starts taking hasty decisions. At the time of depression, a person feels very sad, tired and disappointed and he has no interest in any work. However, a person does not remain in both these conditions all the time. Sometimes his mood remains normal at times.
Types of Bipolar Disorder
According to experts, there are mainly four types of bipolar disorder.
- 1. Bipolar I Disorder
- In this, the person has at least one episode of severe mania. In many cases, depression is also seen together.
- 2. Bipolar II Disorder
- In this, episodes of depression and mild mania-like symptoms (hypomania) are seen.
- 3. Cyclothymic Disorder
- In this, mild mood swings persist for a long time, but they are not very severe.
- 4. Other Bipolar-Related Conditions
- Sometimes a person has bipolar-like symptoms, but they do not fit perfectly into any one particular category.
Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
symptoms of mania
- Feeling too much happiness or excitement.
- Being excessively energetic.
- Speaking too fast or changing thoughts rapidly.
- Not feeling tired even with less sleep.
- Taking decisions without thinking.
- Doing risky things.
symptoms of depression
- Constant feeling of sadness or despair.
- Fatigue and weakness.
- Lack of interest in any work.
- Difficulty concentrating.
- Changes in sleep or appetite.
- Feeling worthless or depressed.
Due to bipolar disorder
Scientists have not yet fully discovered its exact cause, but some factors can increase its risk.
- genetic causes
- If someone in the family has bipolar disorder, the risk may increase in other members too.
- changes in brain
- Differences have been observed in the structure or functioning of the brain of some people.
- Stress and life events
- Events like death of someone close, financial problems, serious illness or tension in relationships can also trigger this disease.
- treatment of bipolar disorder
- Bipolar disorder is a long-term disease, but with proper treatment it can be controlled to a great extent.
- medicines
- Doctors usually prescribe mood stabilizers, antipsychotics or antidepressant medicines.
- Psychotherapy (talk therapy)
- Through therapy, a person learns to understand and control his emotions, thinking and behavior.
- lifestyle change
- Regular exercise, adequate sleep, yoga and meditation also help in maintaining mental balance.
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