When you hear ‘Polycystic Ovary Syndrome’, you probably picture ovarian cysts or infertility. But that’s only part of the story — and in fact, the name itself is misleading. PCOS is not simply an ovarian problem. It is a whole‑body condition that affects millions of women, often silently.
A hidden burden
One in eight women of reproductive age live with PCOS, yet many don’t know it. Symptoms can range from irregular periods and acne to excess hair growth, weight gain, and difficulties conceiving. Less visible are the links to diabetes, heart disease, and mental health challenges. Studies show up to 80 per cent of women with PCOS experience depression or anxiety, and eating disorders are more common too.
Why diagnosis matters
For years, diagnosis has been inconsistent. PCOS looks different in different women, influenced by age, ethnicity, and weight. Many report delayed or confusing diagnoses, leaving them vulnerable to misinformation and unnecessary treatments. New guidelines released in 2023 have simplified the process, making diagnosis clearer and earlier — a crucial step toward better outcomes.
Lifestyle and long‑term health
Healthy lifestyle choices are the cornerstone of managing PCOS. Women with PCOS are biologically more prone to weight gain and may find it harder to lose weight than others. That can be discouraging, but structured support can make a significant difference. Sustainable diets and regular activity improve hormone balance and insulin sensitivity, easing symptoms like irregular cycles and excess hair growth.
Even young and lean women benefit from early planning. Because PCOS is lifelong, preventing weight gain and maintaining healthy habits early can reduce complications later.
The emotional toll
PCOS doesn’t just affect the body — it affects the mind. Concerns about fertility, appearance, and long‑term health weigh heavily, especially on adolescents. Higher rates of depression, anxiety, and disordered eating are well-documented. Addressing mental health alongside physical symptoms is essential.
Support and resources
Most women with PCOS can be managed effectively by a gynaecology generalist, in collaboration with a dietitian. Some women may need help from a psychologist or endocrinologist. Education, lifestyle support, and simple oral therapies often work well, without the need for expensive fertility treatments unless other factors are present. Free, evidence‑based resources such as the AskPCOS app — developed with input from women themselves — provide accessible information and help reduce vulnerability to misinformation.
Road ahead
PCOS is not just about ovaries or fertility. It is a whole‑body condition that requires a whole‑person approach. With earlier diagnosis, better awareness, and consistent care, women can avoid many of its complications and live healthier, fuller lives.
The real challenge is not the syndrome itself, but the silence around it. Breaking that silence is the first step toward better health for women everywhere.
Dr Johnson Kuttiyil Johnson is a UK-trained, consultant gynaecologist & laparoscopy surgeon working in Nowra, NSW, Australia.
The opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of Buzz.
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