AI Vaccine: The role of Artificial Intelligence is also increasing rapidly in the health sector. AI has now moved towards the identification of diseases and development of new medicines as well as vaccine manufacturing. Scientists have claimed to have developed the first vaccine with the help of AI that will provide protection not against a single virus but against the entire virus family. Researchers from the University of Cambridge have worked on this new technology in collaboration with biotech company DIOSynVax. He has said that this vaccine can help protect against existing viruses as well as new variants and dangerous viruses introduced in the future. It has also passed the important stage of first human testing and this vaccine has been found safe in initial clinical trials. Now it will be tested on a large scale on more than 200 people.
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A new phase in vaccine development
Till now, most of the vaccines have been made keeping a particular virus in mind. This strategy has saved the lives of crores of people. But viruses keep changing their form continuously. For this reason, vaccines for diseases like flu and Covid-19 have to be updated from time to time. Researchers say that scientists are always running after viruses. By the time a new virus is identified, a vaccine is made against it and it reaches people, the infection has spread widely. According to Professor Jonathan Heaney of the University of Cambridge, the Covid-19 pandemic proved that we can make vaccines faster but the thinking is still old. However, their goal is to create a vaccine that can target the entire virus family.
How did AI prepare this vaccine?
Scientists analyzed genomic data of coronavirus collected from around the world for this project. These included information on past outbreaks, current infections and animal viruses that may infect humans in the future. AI and machine learning systems studied this genetic data to determine which parts of the virus remained virtually unchanged over long periods of time. Based on this, researchers have prepared a special super-antigen. Let us tell you that antigen is that component which helps the body’s immune system to identify the enemy. Additionally, while normal vaccines are based on the antigens of a single virus, this new antigen has been designed taking into account the shared characteristics of several related coronaviruses.
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What is Universal Sarbeco Vaccine?
The vaccine that was used in human trials is called the Universal Sarbeco Coronavirus Vaccine. Sarbecoviruses are a group of coronaviruses that includes SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, the virus that caused the 2003 SARS pandemic, and several other coronaviruses found in bats.
What were the results of the first human trials?
Healthy volunteers in the age group of 18 to 50 years were included in this test.
This vaccine was given through a special microfluidic jet system which was a DNA based formulation. Because in this technique, instead of using a traditional needle, a high-pressure liquid stream penetrates the skin and delivers the vaccine. The vaccine was found safe during testing. Although scientists admitted that the immune response was still at an early stage, the purpose of the Phase-1 trial is to evaluate safety and initial effects. According to researchers, by identifying the shared properties of a virus family in advance, a vaccine against it can be prepared before the epidemic spreads. Also, by analyzing these data with the help of AI, scientists can predict possible threats and develop security measures in advance.
Will this technology also work against bird flu and Ebola?
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Researchers are now applying it to other dangerous viruses as well. The most prominent among these is bird flu (H5N1) which has affected birds, mammals and humans in many parts of the world. This AI-based technology can help in creating a comprehensive protective shield against such different variants. Apart from this, this platform is also being tested against Ebola virus virus. However, this vaccine is not currently effective against all types of Ebola viruses. This new AI-based thinking is encouraging humans to be one step ahead of viruses rather than lagging behind them in the field of health security.
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