health desk : Scientists have discovered a new and previously unknown link between nutrition and metabolism, according to which the essential amino acid 'leucine' can increase cellular energy production by preventing the breakdown of essential mitochondrial proteins. This discovery may pave the way for new strategies to deal with serious problems like metabolic disorders and cancer in the future.
Mitochondria are often called the powerhouse of the cell because they make most of the energy the body needs to grow, move, repair tissue, and perform daily functions. Researchers led by Professor Dr. Thorsten Hopp of the University of Cologne have identified a new mechanism involving leucine. This study, published in 'Nature Cell Biology', shows that leucine helps to stabilize essential proteins in mitochondria, allowing the organelles to produce energy more efficiently.
Leucine is an essential amino acid that the body cannot make in sufficient quantities on its own and must be obtained through foods (such as dairy products, meat, beans, and lentils). Researchers found that leucine prevents the protein present on the outer surface of mitochondria from breaking down. These proteins play an important role in metabolism and help transport other molecules to the mitochondria. The team traced this effect to a protein called 'SEL1L', which is involved in cellular quality control. Leucine reduces the activity of 'SEL1L', resulting in less mitochondrial proteins being broken down.
However, scientists also say that increasing energy production is not automatically beneficial in every situation, because disturbing this balance of protein quality control can also have unwanted consequences. Studies conducted on insect and human lung cancer cells have also shown that pathways related to leucine metabolism can help cancer cells survive, which is of great importance for future research.
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